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Re: Korean War Airpower



Beth:
Sounds like your father and his buddy were in Korea during about the same time frame as me. I arrived in January 1953 but didn't get attached to the Marine Division until May 1, 1953. I was in the Army Security Agency. Among other intelligence activities, the ASA monitored the front line radio communications of the enemy. We had bunkers on the MLR all across Korea. I was one of the "doggies" that manned the ASA bunker in the 1st Marine Division. The following in my summary of the Korean War:
                                                                                                                Preface                                                                                                                              (from Novel "Stay Safe, Buddy" by J. Charles Cheek)

 The Korean War ended at 10 am on July 28, 1953. In the 37 month long war, total casualties from the 22 countries of the United Nation were over 555,000 including 95,000 deaths. The United States had almost 34,000 killed in action and 103,000 wounded. The U.S. Army, alone, had almost 28,000 dead and nearly 78,000 wounded. The U.S. Marines had about 4,500 killed and 30,000 wounded. The Chinese had some 900,000 casualties and North Korea had 600,000 casualties.

The last two months of the war were horrifying. The Communist artillery fired over 700,000 rounds at UN positions and the UN artillery fired back 4,700,000 rounds. Around 53,000 UN personnel and upwards of 100,000 Communist troops were wounded, killed or captured during that final 60 days.

 
On Fri, 13 Jun 2003 04:56:41 -0700 (PDT) Beth Cullom <bethcullom@yahoo.com> writes:
I sent some of the Airpower thread to a Korean War veteran who served with my father before they were both injured in March 1953, and his response triggered the existance of a video.  Following is some of the correspondance that we have had; I sure wish he would join this list. 
Beth Cullom
Daughter of Jim "Truck" Cullom, VMB 613 WWII & F-2-5 Korea

Don Johnson <djohn24@tampabay.rr.com> wrote:
From: "Don Johnson"
To: Beth Cullom
Subject: Re: Korean War Airpower
Date: Wed, 11 Jun 2003 11:03:59 -0400

 When I was with the 3rd Marines at Camp Pendleton we made a training film, "Attack of a fortified position with close air support." It was worthy of an Oscar nomination.   ["Marine Close Air Support: Capabilities and Limitations"  is the actual title; I found it for sale at Traditions Military Videos  http://www.militaryvideo.com/store/store.cfm?titleID=MarineAviation&do=detail]
 
In Korea I recall on the Detroit Raid, lying at the base of the hill as Marine pilots blasted the Chinese on top, the ground shook with the bomb blasts.  We pounded that hill with everything the Marines had--artillery, rockets, and air support.  Our Squad Leader, Cpl. Kelly, stood, hollered "Lets go", and was promptly struck in the hand by rifle fire.  Not a good sign.  Of course the raid was called successful.  I would later meet Kelly on the Hospital Ship Jutlandia, and he did not have use of the hand.  He performed mind relief for me when he raised the sheets that were covering me and informed me that the jewels were still there [left leg had been blown off at Reno Block 26 March 1953].  I was concerned as there were a heck of a lot of tubes protruding from down below. ----- Original Message -----
Sent: Wednesday, June 11, 2003 8:55 AM
Subject: Fwd: Re: Korean War Airpower

Don:  I am forwarding a string of posts that I got from the Korean War List.  I would like to know what you think of the description.  Start with the post at the bottom so that you will know what the context is for the reply. 

John C Cheek <johncheek1@juno.com> wrote:
To: KOREAN-WAR-L@listproc.cc.ku.edu
Date: Tue, 10 Jun 2003 21:29:18 -0700
Subject: Re: Korean War Airpower
From: John C Cheek

        I can testify that Marine Corsairs are indeed terrifying weapons. The excerpt below is how I described them in my newly released novel Stay Safe, Buddy. (Note: This action was witnessed by me personally in the last three months of the Korean War - I forget the exact date.)

Lefter went to the viewing slit and studied the terrain in front of him. The machine gun nest down by the barbwire looked to be in good condition. He studied it for several minutes but he couldnt see any movement there. He got the field glasses and studied it some more. He still couldnt tell if the nest was occupied. Beyond the barbwire, the unused rice paddies showed no activity even with close inspection through the binoculars. He studied the terrain on the hills where the outposts were located and saw no movement there either. Finally, he focused the binoculars on the barren hills where the Chinese MLR was located and he couldnt see any movement there. "Where the hell are they?" thought Lefter.

Then his heart jumped. What was that? Something flashed through the view in the binoculars. He quit looking through the binoculars just in time to see a Marine Corsair drop a napalm bomb on the Chinese MLR. Several other Corsairs followed immediately in single file and dropped napalm. Anti-aircraft shells started exploding far above the low flying Corsairs and tracer bullets filled the air around the streaking airplanes.

Lefter went outside the bunker for a better view. He watched in fascination as the Corsairs dove down one by one and attacked the Chinese MLR. A small single engine plane called an L-19 circled slowly high above the attacking Corsairs. The L-19 pilot is telling the Corsair pilots by radio where to target their next run. It was a strange contrast to see the Corsairs screaming through the sky while the L-19 spun slowly in its lazy circle. Lefters untimely sense of humor kicked as it occurred to him that, the L-19 is a real safe plane; "it goes so slow that it can probably just barely kill you." He briefly wondered why the L-19 wasnt drawing any anti-aircraft fire but quickly decided that the Chinese had all they could handle just trying to defend against the Corsairs. The L-19 was not, in and of itself, doing damage to the Chinese ground troops.

Although the napalm was being dropped a mile or so north of Lefters bunker it was frightening to watch. Each drop spread a wall of flame that appeared to be a hundred yards or more in length. It made him shiver and shake his head at the horrible sights his imagination was picturing in his brain. The soldiers being hit with the napalm must be screaming while their entire body is afire. "Holy crap," he said out loud. "Holy crap!"

Now the Corsairs were screaming in single file over the hills and firing their machine guns. They made several final passes and then flew southeasterly and crossed the U.S. MLR several hundred yards to the east of Lefter. The L-19 was nowhere in sight. Lefter decided that the L-19 must have retreated south under the cover of the strafing runs by the Corsairs. Clever tactic he thought.

Lefter was still standing beside the bunker when he heard the familiar whistle of incoming artillery. "Oh shit!" he said as he ran back into the bunker. The round went overhead and landed somewhere on the backside of the hill. "You dumb shit," he mumbled to himself, "you dilly dallied around out there until some Chinese spotter called one in on you. Youre lucky a sniper didnt pick you off." Then he heard more incoming rounds. The incoming kept increasing in numbers until the air was filled with those eerie whistling sounds. Soon the sound of outgoing artillery rounds combined with the whistles of incoming rounds.

Looking out of the viewing slit, Lefter could see exploding artillery rounds landing down the slope in front of him. Several rounds landed in the barbwire line. The explosions left caused gaping holes in the barbwire entanglements. So far, the machine gun nest was intact. Lefter could hear other rounds landing behind the bunker area and along the MLR on both sides of his bunker. A large explosive flash temporarily blinded Lefter. A round had landed directly in front of the bunker. It briefly blinded Lefter but he heard the immediate thumps of shrapnel hitting the sandbags along the bunker. He jumped back and shook his head. As his eyesight came slowly back, he retreated to the wooden table, sat down and buried his head in his hands. Shaking his head in his hands he thought of how lucky he was that a piece of the shrapnel didnt come through the viewing slit and hit him in the head.

Read more about me and my writings at www.authorsden.com/jcharlescheek

John Cheek, Korean War Veteran   

On Tue, 10 Jun 2003 23:47:21 EDT <ChosinMead@aol.com> writes:
 
After W W 2, the Marines constantly practiced close air support between the air and ground forces- I may be wrong, but I think they developed the concept. At any rate, as we moved in attack, the Corsairs would be strafing 50 yards to our front, so much so that the falling shell casings droping on our heads scared the crap out of us until we got used to it. I remember practicing CAS in the spring of 1950 during maneuvers at Onslow Beach, North Carolina. The Navy pilots did not participate in the practice. The Marine Corps CAS was so effective that the Army units were frequently requesting Marine Air. I may be wrong, but I think the Air Force has still not developed CAS to the same extent as the USMC had. 
Lee N. Mead


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Remember the men and women who stand in the gap between the free world and those who wish to destroy it.  Bless those who serve, those who have served, and most especially those who never return.

Reply to:  bethcullom@alum.calberkeley.org